Elementary School: Elementary school typically includes grades kindergarten through fifth or sixth grade, depending on the school district. Children usually start elementary school around the age of 5 or 6. The focus during these years is on building foundational skills in reading, writing, mathematics, science, and social studies, along with art, music, and physical education.
Middle School or Junior High School: Middle school or junior high school typically includes grades sixth or seventh through eighth grade, although the exact grade range can vary. This stage serves as a transition between elementary and high school, and students begin to explore more specialized subjects while continuing to build upon the skills developed in elementary school.
High School: High school encompasses grades ninth through twelfth grade. During these years, students work toward earning a high school diploma, which is typically required for entry into college or the workforce. High school curriculum includes core academic subjects, such as English, mathematics, science, and social studies, as well as elective courses that allow students to explore their interests and prepare for post-secondary education or careers.
Public Schools vs. Private Schools: Public schools are funded by local, state, and federal government sources and are free for students to attend. Private schools, on the other hand, require tuition payments and may have religious, philosophical, or specialized educational focuses. Some students also attend charter schools, which are publicly funded but operate independently of traditional school districts.
Homeschooling: Homeschooling is legal in all 50 states, and some families choose this option for various reasons, including concerns about the quality or culture of public or private schools, religious or philosophical beliefs, or a desire for a more personalized educational experience.
Special Education: Public schools are required by law to provide a free and appropriate education to students with disabilities through special education programs and services. These services may include individualized education plans (IEPs), accommodations, and support services to meet the unique needs of students with disabilities.
Higher Education: After completing high school, many students choose to pursue higher education at colleges, universities, or vocational schools. The U.S. has a diverse higher education system that includes public and private institutions offering a wide range of degrees and programs.